Here's the answers:
#1 - Ile Rouad is an island off the coast of Syria. In 1916 the French maintained a post office there.
# 2 - South Arabia was established in 1959 from Aden colony and parts of Aden protectorate, which Britain had been controlling. Now the area is the independent country of Yemen.
# 3 - Straits Settlements; compromised the settlements of Malacca, Singapore and Penang. Singapore became a separate colony of Britain in 1946 and is now independent. The others are now part of Malaysia.
# 4 - Tannu Tuva is located along the Siberian border in northwestern Mongolia. It was set up as a republic briefly under Soviet protection, and later became a part of the USSR, now Russia.
# 5 - Upper Silesia was a part of Germany until after World War One, when it was divided between Germany and Poland according to the League of Nations.
# 6 - Victoria and other states of Australia, prior to independence, issued their own stamps.
# 7 - Wurtemburg is a part of Germany.
# 8 - Zanzibar, a group of islands off the coast of East Africa, were controlled by Britain until they became independent in 1963. In 1964 it joined Tanganyika and is now part of Tanzania.