Tips 1 - 10 of 38 Luxor Things to Do
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This temple was dedicated to the thebes triad: Amon (king of Gods), Mut (his wife) and Khnum (their son, the moon God).
The temple has a more unified plan than some Egyptian temples because it was essentially the work of only three pharaohs: Amenophis III, Tutankhamen, and Ramses II. Each new addition was situated in front of the older section. It has the typical Egyptian temple features: an entrance pylon, courtyards with porticoes, a hypostyle hall and at the end of the longitudinal axis, a sacred area, with the sanctuary, a birth house, and other small rooms, not accessible to the ancient public. In ancient times a 3,5 kilometers long avenue of sphinxes connected the two temples; originally these sphinxes had ram heads (Amon's symbol) but they were replaced with human-headed sphinxes in the 30th Dynasty.
The temple is about 250 m long and about 65 m height.
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The large pylon front, a kind of triumphal entrance, is about 64 m across. Two granite colossi of Ramses II on a throne (about 15 m high) frame the entrance. Originally four standing statues of Ramses II also were placed in front of the pylon. In addition, an 23 m obelisk stands at the ceremonial entrance.This obelisk's twin is in the Place de la Concorde in Paris. The pylon has four vertical indentations for the placement of flagstaffs. Inscriptions on the pylon cite Ramses II as the builder of the temple, even though he is only responsible for the pylon and the first courtyard. Bas-reliefs on the front depict scenes of military campaigns, specifically Ramses' battles with the Hittites in the fifth year of his reign.
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During the 19th Dynasty, Ramses added this courtyard surrounded with a double row of columns. This portico-courtyard is about 56 m by 50 m. The axis is slightly shifted, that is, the courtyard is not on the same axis as the pre-existing tall colonnade behind it.
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Luxor Temple: The columns
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The columns have capitals as closed papyrus and Osirian statues between the columns.
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Luxor Temple: The columns - Details
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The colonnade is about 52 m long with two rows of 7 columns, about 16 m high, with capitals shaped like open lotus flowers. Tutankhamen had walls erected to complete the area but today these flanking walls are mostly collapsed.
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The Hypostyle Hall is at the south side of the Courtyard of Amenophis III. It consists of four rows of eight columns with shafts shaped like bundles of papyri.
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Luxor Temple: The Hypostyle Hall - details
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Beyond the Hypostyle Hall there are several smaller rooms, the central one was used later as a Christian church. This area, still with some of the original roof, was the most sacred area of the temple and had a gold-plated statue of the god Amon as well as a birth room with reliefs referring to the divine birth of Amenophis III.
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VeronicaG Sat Dec 17, 2005 14:33 UTC
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