"On the Adriatic" Dubrovnik by Tom_Fields

The exact origins of the city of Dubrovnik are little known. Barbarian invasions destroyed the Roman city of Epidaurum nearby in the 7th century. This had been a vital trade center, probably a Greek colony at one time. Like Venice, Dubrovnik emerged from the ashes of the Roman world in the Middle Ages.

For centuries, it was part of the Byzantine Empire. In the 12th century, the city negotiated lucrative trade deals with other Adriatic cities such as Kotor, Pisa, and Ravenna. In 1205, Venice took control of Dubrovnik. It later became independent again, but soon came under the control of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and remained that way until World War I.

Following World War I, the Treaty of Versailles established Yugoslavia. Croatia remained part of that country until the 1990's. The breakup of Yugoslavia resulted in the creation of an independent Croatia, for the first time in centuries. But it came at a high price in blood and treasure. The war exacted a fierce toll on the Croats, the Serbs, and the Muslims. And there was more to come.

But since 1995, Croatia has enjoyed peace and stability. Dubrovnik, situated on the scenic Dalmatian coast across from Italy, has become Croatia's favorite tourist destination. With thousands of years of history, a beautiful old port, fine architecture, and a warm Mediterranean climate, it's a prime spot for visitors.

Sunrise on the Dalmatian coast

The coastline of Croatia, known as the Dalmatian coast, offers endless scenic vistas. You can enjoy just cruising past, watching the scenery go by. Or take a coach tour. It's some of the most gorgeous scenery on the Mediterranean.

• In a nutshell:Croatia's must-see attraction